Many reasons why a woman is having trouble achieving successful pregnancy : Fibroid Embolization in India

Female Infertility

Because of the intricate and complex nature of the female reproductive tract, there can be many reasons why a woman is having trouble achieving successful pregnancy.  Some of these factors may include: Fibroids Endometriosis Ovarian cysts Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Pelvic Adhesions Decreased Ovarian Reserve Premature Ovarian Failure Fibroids Uterine fibroids are benign (noncancerous) growths of the muscular wall of the uterus. The growths, which may appear singly or in groups, range from the size of a pea to the size of a grapefruit.  They may either be confined to the uterine wall or grow outward on thin stalks. Fibroids often cause no symptoms, unless they grow large enough to press painfully on other organs or even distort the shape of the abdomen. Fibroids are quite common and typically affect women between ages 30 and 45. Large fibroids may narrow the uterine cavity and lead to miscarriage or infertility. Fibroids can impact fertility if they grow inside of the uterus. They change the environment of the uterus in a way that can interfere with embryo implantation or predispose a woman to have early miscarriages. Fibroids have a tendency to grow during pregnancy and may cause deformity of the arms and legs of the baby if they press on the fetus. If fibroids are found, your doctor will recommend removing them prior to any IVF procedure. Endometriosis Endometriosis is a common disorder that affects the tissue that lines the uterus, causing it to grow outside the uterine cavity.  The tissue becomes attached to reproductive or abdominal organs, and swells with blood during menstruation as if it were still in the uterus. Because this blood is trapped within the tissue and cannot be shed through the vagina, blood blisters form and may develop into cysts, scar tissue, or adhesions (fibrous bands that link together other tissues that are normally separated).  This can be very painful. Endometriosis is a leading cause of infertility and typically impacts women between 25 and 40 years of age. Endometriosis affects the ability for a woman to achieve pregnancy by inducing scar tissue formation that compromises the normal function of the fallopian tubes. Endometriosis cells can also secrete substances that might interfere with the sperm/egg interaction, preventing fertilization.  Women with endometriosis have a high chance of having other hormonal dysfunction conditions, like progesterone deficiency, that can make implantation weak and cause early miscarriages.  Women can be treated medically or surgically:   Medically.  Ovulation can be blocked, or the menstrual cycle can be stopped for four to six months Surgically.  Laparoscopy or laparotomy can be performed to cauterize the endometrial implants to destroy the endometriosis  Ovarian Cysts An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms in the ovary. Ovarian cysts are common and, in the vast majority of cases, they are benign (non-cancerous) in patients younger than 35. Ovarian cysts affect fertility if they interfere with normal ovulation or represent a mechanical obstacle for the fertilization process. Ovarian cysts can be aspirated (collapsing the cyst) under ultrasound guidance through the vagina or by laparoscopy. In either event, the fluid must be sent for cytology (take cell samples for analysis) to rule out any malignancy. Some cysts have a tendency to recur. Therefore, patients can benefit from three to four months of birth control pills after removing the cysts before attempting IVF treatment. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Polycystic ovarian syndrome (“PCOS”) is a medical condition characterized by: infrequent menstrual cycles obesity hirsutisum (extra hair on extremities, face, chest, abdomen and back), associated with acne and increase in male hormone levels in the blood dysfunction in the production of the LH and FSH hormones that control ovulation In certain cases, PCOS is associated with other endocrine gland problems like the adrenal gland and thyroid gland. In certain patients, the condition may occur along with hyper insulinism or peripheral resistance to insulin and adult onset diabetes.

Fibroid Embolization 

It is a minimally invasive procedure, which means it requires only a tiny nick in the skin. It is performed while the patient is conscious but sedated - drowsy and feeling no pain. Fibroid embolization is performed by an interventional radiologist, a physician who is specially trained to perform this and other minimally invasive procedures. The interventional radiologist makes a small nick in the skin (less then ¼ of an inch) in the groin and inserts a catheter into an artery. The catheter is guided through the artery to the uterus while the interventional radiologist guide the progress of the procedure using a moving X-ray (fluoroscopy). The interventional radiologist injects tiny plastic particles the size of grains of sand into the artery that is supplying blood to the fibroid tumor.

 This cuts off the blood flow and causes the tumor (or tumors) to shrink. The artery on the other side of the uterus is then treated. Embolization preparation: A tiny angiographic catheter is inserted through a nick in the skin in to an artery and advanced into uterus. 

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